Supplier Network impacts on Supply Chain

The supplier network impacts on the value of products, their availability, and when best to push them in the market (Lambert, 2008). One is thus able to identify suppliers with whom they can develop long-term relationships. These associations enable organizations to formulate further product innovations which will lead to achievement of objectives.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Supplier Network impacts on Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The chain is comprised of a series of activities, entities, cultures, clients and objectives which depend on the most basic interactions (Samson and Simpson, 2008). These relationships significantly rely on the objectives of the two parties at that time. Price is the main negotiating point among the purchaser and the retailer. The size of the business against the supplier provides a substantial influence on their price interactions (Hines, 2004). Examples of best practices in supply chain efficiency areas include: Supplier searches and progress reporting. It is necessary to identify alternative suppliers by utilizing the institution’s accessible set of connections along with trade catalogues. Supplier-customer relationships. Maintaining relationships with a small number of preferred suppliers over long contracts provide valuable advantages. It saves time in supplier searches and guarantees a stable price for products. IT tools. Having a central database enables easy access of information. Capacity planning Capacity planning is a premeditated trade decision which involves determining the amount of capability that is required for future production. Changes happening in the market require rapid and effective response. This reaction depends on how deep the organization understands its supply chain and the available technology. It is indispensable to recognize and understand the limits of capacity. For example, an organization may have o nly one department producing one product. In instances where more of the product is needed than the branch can produce, the organization can either increase the size of the department, or try to reduce the demand for capacity. An organization with more products demands a more vigorous capacity planning process. It is required to offload work to alternative departments or put in more working hours. (Stahl Wallace, 2003). Just as an organization strives to sustain the poise linking demand and provision, they should scrutinize the balance between demand necessities and the capacity of the producer-supplier-consumer sequence. Examples of best practices in capacity planning include:Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Verifying results. Most of the vital data in decision making comes from understanding the variables from projected results. The confines of linear regression. It is necessary to understand the relationship between metrics. Documenting assumptions. This is necessary to assess the validity of the forecasts which were made based on postulations. Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream aerospace is a corporate aircraft production and management company. The company has a fleet of technologically superior business planes which meet price requirements and mission requirement of its clients (Savannah 2010). It is the leading jet manufacturer offering numerous services, enhancements, spares, maintenance functions and mechanical publications. The main challenge of the aviation company has been the provision of regional support for airplane proprietors who inhabit growing markets. There is a small chance of consumers bringing their planes to a site favoring the manufacturer. Clients usually prefer services like warranty and line maintenance closer to their domiciles. This gave the company the alternative of either developing these capabilities or forming partne rships with countries which better understand in-country relationships. The company has been networking with an America bank, to assist in the successful arrangement of aircraft transactions (Savannah 2010). Summary Elasticity and speed is necessary in the present market society. Response to production conditions, reacting to changing consumer demands and balancing of capacity is necessary for the success of any organization. Supply chain efficiency stratagem allows a company to evaluate the lengthy supply chain while considering their business policies. The organization will thus be able to formulate strategies to enable it effectively compete with other organizations. References Lambert, D. (2008). Supply chain management: processes, partnerships, performance.  (3rd ed). Florida: Supply chain management, inst. Hines, T. (2004). Supply chain strategies: customer-driven and customer focused.  Vermont: Butterworth-Heinemann publishers. Samson, D. Simpson, D. (2008). Developing s trategies for green supply chain  management. Production/ operations management. Web.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Supplier Network impacts on Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Savannah, G. (2010). Lombardo sees Gulfstream playing major role in globalization of business aviation. Gulfstream: news. Web. Stahl, R. Wallace, T. (2003). Master scheduling in the 21st century: for simplicity,  speed and success- up and down the supply chain. Ohio: T. F. Wallace CO. This report on Supplier Network impacts on Supply Chain was written and submitted by user Valentin Sweeney to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay Example

Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay Example Animal Farm by George Orwell Paper Animal Farm by George Orwell Paper Essay Topic: Animal Farm George orwell Literature 1. We have chosen Commandment 7, All Animals are Equal 2. The reasoning behind the commandment is the animals were cruelly dictated by Mr Jones. The ideal that Old Major portrayed was of a Farm run solely by animals for animals that were part of a Democracy. Evidence is on page 6 in both Longman and Penguin version, where it states in Old Majors Speech no animal must ever tyrannize over his own kind. Weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers. Further on in the story, Napoleon tyrannizes all of the farm animals. He kills ruthlessly with no reasoning and makes every animal that is not a pig or dog to slave over the labours of building the windmill with less food than in Jones days of dictatorship. 3. Early warning signs that the pigs are starting to manipulate the Commandment for their own ends can be found at the beginning of chapter three, page 16 in Longman version and page in Penguin. It reads The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others. This shows that the pigs were already forming a hierarchy of importance. They tell the other animals what to do and the animals do as they were told due to their slave mentality. Another example of the pigs making decisions without consulting the other animals is when the pigs steal the milk and apples. The pigs put themselves above the rest of the animals so they can get what they want. On page 22 in the Longman version and page in Penguin; it reads,Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples contain substances absolutely necessary to the well being of pigs. We pigs are brain-workers. The whole management and organization of this farm depends on us. All of which implies that they are the only reason that the farm has not been taken over by Mr Jones once more. Also it is the pigs that decide upon the final line up of commandments, not anyone else. There was no vote just a decision. It states on page 15 in both Longman and Penguin, The pigs had succeeded in reducing the principles of Animalism to Seven Commandments. 4. By the pigs continually bending and breaking the All animals are equal commandment we can tell about their character that they are dictators, greedy, selfish and believe that they are better and more worthy of power and control over the farm than anyone else due to their superior intelligence over the rest of the animals. Domineering personalities take advantage of the other hardworking and diligent animals of the farm. The pigs motives are not of Animalism, but of pure superiority over everything in their reach, which is the farm. Their plans for the future are of the farm being run by them, but all the hard work being done by the other animals of the farm. They want the farm to be the most profitable out of the farms, particularly those run be Pilkington and Frederick. An example of the pigs urge for superiority is evident particularly between Snowball and Napoleon. When they present their speeches about campaigns they are very competitive. When Napoleon knows that Snowball has the upper hand in speeches, leading to Snowball to be in power, Napoleon exiles him from the farm with the savage force of nine dogs, which nearly kill him. This happens on pages 32 33 in the Longman version and on pages in the Penguin version. 5. After the exile of Snowball, during Sunday ceremony, the pigs and dogs are on the platform and everyone else is on the ground. This is an image which portrays the hierarchy of the farm; pigs and dogs at the top, and the other animals at the bottom. Squealer explanation for the reasoning behind the events was that Snowball was a dangerous character and a bad influence and called Napoleons change of heart over the windmill Tactics, The animals were not certain what the word meant but Squealer spoke so persuasively, and the three dogs who happened to be with him growled so threateningly, that they accepted his explanation without further question. This happens on pages 36 37 in the Longman version and pages 38 39 in the Penguin version. This pattern of questioning from the other animals then being silenced by Squealers persuasive reasoning, and a mixture of fear from the savage dogs capability of killing them violently, silences all of the animals doubts and any chance of revolting against the tyrant Napoleon occurs time and time again. If only they pushed on questioning the pigs they would be free from Napoleons rule, but it doesnt happen. 6. The wording of the Commandment on the barn wall is altered to allow for the pigs corruption from All animals are Equal to All animals are Equal but some Animals are more Equal than others. This change occurs in chapter 10 page 83 in the Longman version and page 90 in the Penguin version. 7. Further evidence related to the reason behind the commandment can be found on page 5 in the Longman version and page in the Penguin version. It states, Never listen when they tell you that man and the animals have a common interest, that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others. It is all lies. This paragraph, from Old Majors speech, is where the commandment originates. The message from this part of his speech indicates the possible outcome of dictatorship that may arise among the animals if the rebellion is a success. Old Major is warning them that the rebellion will bring conflict and if they are to make it a success they must always be united as one in a democracy and oppose any kind of control. Also in the event that dictatorship does take place on the farm, everything they say will benefit them in someway and will lie to get the others support.

5 Terrible Tattoo Typos

5 Terrible Tattoo Typos 5 Terrible Tattoo Typos 5 Terrible Tattoo Typos By Mark Nichol It’s one thing to introduce a spelling or punctuation error when icing a message on a birthday cake or a similar confection such mistakes are easily disposed of but when it comes to getting a tattoo, think before you ink, because it’s difficult to render a correction. These tattoo typos are the responsibility of the tattoo artist, not the human canvases, but if you choose to have words printed on your body, you might want to hand the artist a neatly printed transcription and to monitor the inscription of the tracing draft and revise the draft as necessary. (My daughter, normally the sensible sort except, of course, for the whole tattoo thing was prevented from possible inclusion in this Hall of Shame when her best friend, fortunately in attendance during an inking procedure, pointed out the omission of a letter in a word the artist had preliminarily inscribed on her arm with a pen.) The Internet-o-sphere abounds with images of tattoo tragedies, and it was difficult to pare the possibilities to a manageable number for this post. But here, in order of egregiousness, are the five most boneheaded blunders: No, you’re not. Oh, it’s not a misspelling of handsome? It’s supposed to be awesome. No, you’re not. But you would be if you returned to the tattoo artist and free of charge, of course had a red caret and a matching e inscribed. What an honor is must have been for the person bearing this tattoo to be a bearer of the Oylmpic torch though that’s not as memorable as being a torchbearer for the Olympics. As is probably true in many such cases, she reportedly didn’t know about the error until someone pointed it out to her. Even then, she turned down the tattoo artist’s offer to correct it. She says it’s unique like she is. Yes, that’s one word for it. Um, the biblical verse, as usually translated into English, is, â€Å"Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die† the statement elegantly terminates with the key word. This fellow’s artistic license in altering the wording and word order is excusable, but the misspelling of fore not likely a pun on forearm is not. I would have recommended the standard version, broken after drink but â€Å"broken after drink† is probably the reason for the mistake in the first place. This isn’t the only tragedy tattoo typo one can find (and you might be surprised by how many ways tattoo artists can render regret/regrets), but it’s the most prominent and therefore the most tragic. This misbegotten masterpiece wins the prize for sheer spectacle, and for lasting significance. My surmise is that this fellow has a spot in his heart for his alma mater. Unfortunately, there’s no Clemons University it’s Clemson. (I hope he got his money back that looks like a four-figure flub.) Image credits: YTMND.com, BBC.com, HuffingtonPost.com, EnglishFailBlog.org Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About Hands50 Nautical Terms in General Useâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

Customer Retention (Marketing report) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Customer Retention (Marketing report) - Essay Example The entire report will focus on TESCO retail segment and discuss on the strategic focus of TESCO in the customer retention domain   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Strategic marketing planning is defined as an organization based planning designed in a way to understand the market opportunities, correlate the opportunities with the external environment and target audiences. While planning for strategic marketing the expected decision must be focused on the vision, mission, resources available and internal strengths of the company.(Hanna an 1992; Kotler & Andresen 1996; Andresen & Kotler 2003; Meek & Meek 2003). It is also evident that the strategic marketing planning is regarded as sub process in the context of corporate planning. (Gardner & Thomas 1985; Schendel 1985; Hanna an 1992; Meek & Meek 2003). Corporate management is a process of directing an organization either by deploying or manipulating resources to achieve higher rates of profit and also customer satisfaction. The above strategies and values of strategic planning are analyzed to identify the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats (SWOT Analysis) of the company with respect to the competitors. Interpretation of analysis reveals that the entire organization in involved and work together as a big task forces to achieve the goals of strategic planning. Apart from investigating the weakness and strengths of the company, strategic positioning is also an integral aspect of strategic marketing planning (Kotler & Andersen 1996; Hooley et al. 1998; 2001) for customer retention.   According to Chew (2003), strategic positioning is regarded as the differentiation in the level of positioning from the others who belong to the same society. It is justified that strategic positioning allows organizations to have a competitive advantage over their opponents. One of the disadvantages of competitive advantage does not ensure the continued success

Read, The Master Builder by Ibsen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Read, The Master Builder by Ibsen - Essay Example Ibsens the Master Builder was written during the late period of Ibsens life and reflects the more symbolic aspects of these works. Even as the Master Builder has been classified within the symbolic spectrum of Ibsens ouevre, his underlining realist prose reveals a number of direct themes. In examining the Master Builder a number of notable questions are necessary to consider within the context of the work. This essay examines the Master Builder, considering whether the story of Halvard Solness can be considered a tragedy, and whether the conclusion of the play is inevitable. In considering whether the story of Halvard Solness is a tragedy its necessary to consider the various aspects of his life that contribute to both sides of this argument. In the first act, Ibsens Master Builder begins through establishing the dynamics of the main characters. Ibsen indicates that while Rangnar and Kaia are scheduled to be married, Halvard is indicated to have a relationship with Kaia such that she is hesitant of her marriage to Rangnar because of her feelings for Solness. In addition to this relationship, Ibsen established one of the prevailing plot elements throughout the play – the need for Solness to approve Rangnars plans before Rangnars father Brovik passes away from his unspecified illness. In these regards, Brovik himself visits Solness to ask him for his aid to which Solness refuses to help. The reason Ibsen explores these narrative elements is to establish much of the complications regarding Solness life, as they point towards Solness living a duplici tous and somewhat morally unstable existence. They also demonstrate that Solness has had a number of elements in his life that have had a positive effect. For instance, Brovik states, â€Å"that did not prevent you from setting to work – and pushing your way up and taking the wind out of my sails – mine, and so many other peoples† to which Solness responds, â€Å"Yes, you see – circumstances favored me†

Automating the process of jib crane design

Automating the process of jib crane design Automating the Process of Jib Crane Design Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction In a jib crane horizontal jib is fixed to a piller or to a wall and supports a movable lift. Jib crane mostly used in industries and for military purpose. The jib can also swing by the arc which corresponds to lateral movement (additional). These types of crane are used in warehouse stores to lift the goods to all floors. In the materials handling industry workers are often required to do large payloads. In situations where large payload movements would require extra forces to be applied by the operator, the material handling devices are provided now with automatic or motorized power assists. These are basically designed such that they can reduce operator tiredness and damage. Such cranes are power assisted jib cranes with advanced design. A jib crane consists of a pendulum like end line attached to a rota-table jib. Within this general cranes category there exist some devices with multiple degrees of freedom which includes variable load line length and jib length which is also variable. Point-point payload maneuvers with jib cranes are performed so as not to incite the spherical pendulum modes of the cable attached and payload assembly. In a typical way these pendulum modes yet time-varying, but shows low frequencies. That results in slow performance; hence high construction and transportation costs can occur. The figure below shows the different parts of jib crane. [Franklin, 1994] Jib Cranes are industrial machines which mostly uses for materials movements in construction of buildings, production halls, assembly lines, storage areas, and power plants. The design features of jib crane vary widely according to their major operational and manufacturing specifications such as: crane structure according to motion, weight and type of the load, crane location, geometric features, and environmental conditions. However, a review of the available literature tells that technical design of jib cranes are highly saturated and standardized in many industrial companies and organizations independent of the jib crane type. [Marchese, 1974] 1.2 Problems/Issues Today most companies currently uses manual calculations to provide product design specification for their jib cranes for their customers requirements. This job involves very hard work and the manual calculation. The reduced man work will efficient the companys process for design and manufacturing of the product. So it would be beneficial to automate this process which requires a software package in which all calculation can be done automatic. 1.2.1 Current Problems The problems in jib crane design incorporate advance design for their different customers and their different purpose and the companies dont have a computer program which calculates the design specifications for manufacturing for their customers. [Erden, 1996] 1.2.2 Literature review Current material handling systems exhibit anisotropic behavior. Their two planar degrees of freedom have requirement of different force inputs from the operator. For jib crane in generation of isotropic behavior there can be two directions, the first direction generates isotropy by floating the boom above the load. The second direction adds a power trolley and is capable of assisting by providing power to actually accelerate the given load. We can provide a cable angle sensor and ultrasonic distance sensor for the intelligence necessary to achieve isotropy. [A, Lorenz, 1999] Consideration of the available technology that is mainly based on the accumulated previous experience is important for better performance, higher safety and more reliable designs. It is well known that generic features of jib crane components are similar for various different types of cranes. Since the jib crane design procedures are highly standardized with these components, main effort and time spent in jib crane design projects are mostly for interpretation and implementation of the available design. In the figure below a rotatory jib crane is shown with degrees of freedom. The crane considered here consists of a rotatable jib with a load line attached to the end. A mass, representing a payload, is attached to the end of the load-line. The figure (1) is shown for analysis. The three co-ordinate system (three vectors shown) attached to the jib and rotates about the hub with an angular rate (gamma). The rotation angles are defined as rotation of the load-line about the two axes. The attachment point of the load-line to the jib is at a distance x from the centre of rotation of hub. The load-line has length L and the payload mass m. Alternative Concepts: Several concepts were evaluated: Single tension rod A single-rod design is assumed during the initial calculations to determine reaction forces on the building column. Extra analysis explained that this design did not have enough power for its length and capacity. Truss A trussed beam is considered, as it would have provided a very light, strong crane. This design was shortly discarded because it would have proven very difficult to study and build. Two tension rods A two-rod design can be selected because it could be made strong enough to support the design load up to the length of 30 feet, yet be simple enough to analyze with a combination of manual calculations and computer-based analysis. 1.2.3 Objectives To understand design and analysis of jib crane To design jib crane in AutoCAD / Solid work To develop calculation of jib crane data using Microsoft excel Chapter 2 Methodology 2.1 Flow chart: Start Design and analysis for the jib crane (Existing Design) and a modified design AutoCAD Design Create Microsoft excel software End In the initial stage the project overview and scope of project is analyzed. Further on the literature based on the current design is reviewed. Next stage is examining the design advancement of the jib crane using sensors and control to automate the crane process and in lowering the operator stress and power. After that the software developed will be used in design and selection of major jib crane parts for the manufacturing. The design stated by software would be seen as in AutoCAD or solid work. In the final stage the further advancement and conclusion will be made. The stages of the project are shown below. 2.2 Description: The project will consist of manual calculations of design specifications for the complex structures like Jib crane along with automated process. The use of Microsoft software along with some other package will be usedso that it would be more users friendly. First thecalculationwill be donelike moment of inertia, torque and transmission ratios etc.for the advanced mechanicaldesign of the Jib crane[Juvinall,1991] then the number of variables will be included in software to give the product design specification for jib crane directly which will help in reducing the manwork. The simple advantage to get the all data which are required in jib crane design will come directly and this process will help in reducing time taken to produce a required jib crane. The work will be done with existing data and current methods of calculation. At the end of project, a manufacturer should not calculate the various design data for the custom design of the jib crane for different purpose. The jib crane software itself will pick the most essential and important data and according to that will choose the simplified method to give design specification directly. Reader will be able to understand the various methods involved in jib crane design and advancement of design and the analysis of jib crane to make it effective. The practices followed and measures developed to make high-rise construction a safer job will be listed in report. Some of the main benefits of the automated design include the following: Greater consistency of design; this makes manufacturing and field service easier. Ability to explore more alternatives; because design can be created in a shorter time, it allows designers to study more alternatives. 2.3 Gantt Chart Gantt Chart: Project on â€Å"Automating design of jib crane† TASKS Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Selection of the Topic Submission of the Project Proposal Literature survey on the Topic Submission of the Interim Report Software development Conclusion and Recommendations Final Report Submission Chapter-3 Design and Calculation of Jib Crane 3.1 Design Concepts for Jib Crane Jib cranes, a free standing or portable jib crane is an economical solution for moving materials within an individual workstation, for transferring materials from work area to work area, or for use as an auxiliary lifting device under an overhead crane. Jib cranes are designed and manufactured in four styles: Free standing or portable jib cranes Wall bracket tie rod supported jib cranes Wall cantilever jib cranes Mast style jib cranes (top and bottom supported) Articulating jib cranes are also manufactured for positioning loads in those hard to reach places where most Standard jib cranes cannot reach. An articulating jib crane can move loads around corners and columns, reach into machinery, and service an area from the closest pivot point to the end of the boom allowing 360 º of operation. Another jib crane is the workstation jib crane. From self-supporting to wall mounted, workstation jib cranes provides economic, supplemental lifting coverage with 200 º or 360 º of rotation. Features Standard jib cranes range in capacity up to 5 tons and spans to 20 feet. Jib cranes feature on unique trussed boom design, which offers longer spans for custom jib crane designs. Free standing and mast type jib cranes offer 360  º rotations. Wall mounted offers 200 º of rotation. Design Factor The standard capacity rating of a jib crane represents the net rated load of the hook at the hook of a hoist of the same rated capacity as the crane. The design factor for the stresses in the crane is based on the capacity plus 25% of the rated load for impact and 15% of the rated load for the weight of the hoist and trolley. This was used all along with the average yield stress of the material to find out the type of the design. [Juvinall, 1991] This design provides a margin to allow for variations in material properties, operating conditions, and design assumptions. No crane should be supposed to ever, in any circumstance, be weighted beyond its rated capability. Service Factor The maximum weight of the application should match, NOT exceed, and design weight. The capacity rating is dependent and based on a design load. The jib crane design criterion allows the least amount of deflection so as not to hamper the performance of the jib crane. 3.2 Design of a Jib Crane The unit system of choice is normally SI. For this design, though, the BG (British Gravitational) system is chosen because the dimensions of most acquired components are in inches. We are doing analysis and design of a 30-foot, 1 ton jib crane. Requirements The crane must meet the following criteria: Should have a capacity of one ton (2000 lb). Should have a 30 feet length. Should be able to mount on the existing building structure. The design load is 2700 lb, defined as follows: Pd = 2000 lb + 25% overload + 200 lb trolley weight The length of the crane is taken as that of the main beam. The entire crane will arrive at approximately 372 inches from its pivot point. The alternative concepts are already evaluated earlier. We are taking the crane with two tension rods. 3.2.1 Reaction Force Calculations Before detailed design could begin, it had to be determined whether the building structure could support the new crane. This can be accomplished by drawing a free body diagram of the overall crane structure, and calculating the forces that would act on it. The design load should be positioned in the worst-case position hence at the end of the main beam. Since the weight of the crane makes a noteworthy horizontal reaction force, its main structural components were specified for this practice. A single 200-lb tension rod, attached at 20 feet from the root of the main beam The weight of the vertical member (eight feet at 25 pounds per foot) was used in calculating the vertical reaction force, but was not deemed significant in calculating the horizontal reaction forces. Minor components e.g. mounting brackets and pin- fasteners, are not going to consider. The calculations solved on paper, give the following results for The 10 Inch diameter S10at25.4 the beam: Horizontal reaction force: 12,556 lb Vertical reaction force: 3854 lb 3.2.2 Design of Main Beam The main beam is the most structurally significant part of the crane, and thus was the first to be designed. The maximum stress of a crane has to be less than one fifth of the ultimate strength of the steel. The maximum deflection should be less than 600th part of the length of the crane. Manual calculations proved that the 8-inch beam would buckle under the compression made by applying the design load at the end of the beam. Buckling load A Beam, 360 inches long, meets both stress and deflection guidelines when used with two tension rods. The maximum stress and deflection, when the load is on the end of the crane, are as follows 3.2.3 Primary Structure With the main beam specified, the rest of the crane was designed around it. A model was constructed consisting of the main beam, the vertical member, and the tension rods, which were arbitrarily attached at 15 and 25 feet from the root of the main beam. Manual calculations performed later confirmed that these were appropriate attachment points. For the sake of simplicity, the vertical member can be specified as the same cross section as the main beam and the vertical member is 96 inches long. Rod tension Assume main beam pinned at one end 3.2.4 Minor Components Connecting the Tension Rods to the Main Beam The tension rods are connected to the main beam using a clevis, which is pinned to a mounting plate welded to the main beam. This clevis is having a tensile load rating of 45,600 lb which allows a considerable safety factor. The clevis pin is protected with a 1/8†inch cotter pin. Double-shear calculations show it to be more than strong enough. Clevis Pin The clevis mount was designed over-large, to fill up the clearances provided by the clevis. The calculations show that the clevis mount, like the clevis itself, provides a significant margin of safety. Clevis Mount Su = 58000 psi Sus = 33640 psi F = 21658 lb th = 2 ½ in ro = 21/8 in ri = 7/8 in d = 1 ¾ in The tension rod is connected to the clevis through a turnbuckle and since the clevis has a rod diameter of 1 ½ inches, the stud must be turned down from 2 ¼ inches to 1 ½ inches. The lower end of the tension rod should be threaded for inclusion into the turnbuckle. Specification of Bearings Using the overall horizontal reaction force as the radial load, the bearings can be specified. The bolt holes in the flange of this bearing are placed in the identical position. Design of Welds The weld connecting the tension rod to the top of the vertical member requires individual explanation. The tension rod on the crane is bent, and then welded to the top of the vertical member of that crane After placing one rod on top of the vertical member, welds 1 and 2 should consist of a groove weld, then a fillet weld. Weld 3 should use the same pattern subsequent to the second rod is being placed. At last, weld 4 is a groove weld. All welds should fill up obtainable clearances. 3.3 Design Modification: For each handling device, the two horizontal DOF differ in feel. For the jib and gantry cranes, motion along the trolleys direction of travel requires relatively little force. Similarly, on the bridge crane, motion along the bridge is relatively easy. But for the jib crane, moving perpendicular to the booms length is complicated by the booms rotational inertia and the boom pivots friction. For the gantry crane, this perpendicular motion is very difficult due to the large inertia of the crane, and as stated earlier, often requires power assist. Finally, for the bridge crane, it is the large inertia of the bridge and resulting increased rolling resistance in its trolleys that make the perpendicular motion more difficult. Low speed power assist has been added to each of these difficult motions: rotation of the boom on a jib crane, translation of a gantry crane, and translation of the bridge along the fixed rails of a bridge crane. The control of this power has been limited to simple push button on/off switches and control algorithms which provide a slow start and stop to minimize load swing. The anisotropy exhibited in the different motions remains. This lack of isotropy makes it difficult for workers to move an object from point to point. The worker must constantly vary the applied force as the desired direction of motion changes. To think of this phenomenon in different terms, consider a round stick half immersed in a pool of water. It is very easy to move this stick through a curved trajectory. The forces resisting the motion are independent of the motions direction. Now consider a paddle (which cannot be rotated) immersed in the pool. It is considerably more difficult to move this paddle through the same curved trajectory. The human must continually adjust to the changing resistance forces. Increasing the viscosity of the fluid will exacerbate the problem. This is analogous to increasing the size and/or load of a material handling system.[Franklin, 1994] Hence thus, ideally, overhead material handing devices would exhibit isotropy. That is, the feel of the device would be independent of the direction in which it was pushed. So the next objective is to advance the design of jib crane which is intelligent power assist jib and making the design calculation by Microsoft excel itself. For this design the drawing has been done for some parts and shown below. The rest of the analysis will be done in the final report. In the modified design we put some control sensor for the motion of the jib crane. References A, Lorenz., August 1999, Force Sensors for Human-Robot Interaction Erden Z., et al, 1996, â€Å"A Computer Based Design Support System for Automate Access to the F. E.M. Rules in a Crane Design Procedure†, Proceedings of the 7th International Machine Design and Production Conference, pp. 575-583, Ankara, Turkey G. Franklin, et al, 1994,Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems†, Third edition, Addison Wiley R. Juvinall and K. Marshek , 1991, Fundamentals of Machine Component Design Marchese P. J. and Rice R. F., 1974, â€Å"Trends in Equipment Design and Controls for Heavy Duty Industrial Overhead Traveling Cranes†, Iron and Steel Engineer, v. 51, n. 9, p.66 Baker J., 1971, â€Å"Cranes in Need of Change†, Engineering, v. 211,n. 3, p. 298

Assess the Claim That the Main Function of Education

Assess the claim that ‘the main function of education is to maintain a value consensus in society' Functionalists believe that education is a value consensus, which means that the majority of a society agree with this statement. For example, inadvertently, people in the UK agree that wearing clothes is a norm as is education. Education has many purposes such as secondary socialisation of children and allocation of roles, because of the meritocracy which education is also seen as.Functionalists, like Durkheim, believe that teaching about history in schools creates a link between the individual and society. This link allows the individual to feel ‘part' of the society and therefore is more likely to support this. For example, in the U. S children are taught about the founding fathers and give the pledge of allegiance daily. Also, this is used with religion, in the U. K many schools says prayers and sing hymns and other religious songs. This, often, instils the idea of relig ion into the child's mind and it becomes a part of the child.However, teachings such as these can be seen as deviant and unwanted by parents because of how these things are treated as ‘norms' whereas they might not be in the home. This creates social solidarity because of the increased number of shared ‘norms and values'. Furthermore, Parsons says that school is the bridge between family and the wider society. Because in the family you are treated as an individual based upon particularistic traits whereas in society you are based on your merits.School is a blend between the two and allows a consensus of your merits and your personality. However, that blend is more between students and students than students and teachers. Teachers base students more on their merits, hence the meritocracy of school and the wider society as it is a quicker and easier way to assess people. This lead to the beginning of the education triage where pupils where ‘streamed' into classes of varying difficulty depending on their intelligence. However, Marxist's like Althusser, Bowles and Gintis argue that the role of ducation is the â€Å"reproduction of labour power† i. e. a workforce. This is enabled by use of the hidden curriculum – This is where ‘norm's such as doing repetitive tasks, not complaining and maintaining order in a class are taught but not formally as these are merely blended into every lesson. This is further exaggerated by schools legitimising and justifying inequality. This prepares students for the world of work where they are exploited for cheap labour and do as they're told as indicated by the hidden curriculum.They are also prepared for the inequality between them and their bosses in the social/economic hierarchy and accepts their positon. Legitimation of inequality; helps to justify and explain the system of social inequality in a capitalist society, helps people come to terms with their position in society and therefore reduc es the discontent and opposition to inequality. Althusser saw the role of education as a reproduction of technical skills and a reproduction of the ruling class ideology. . e. the dominant beliefs and values which is the wealthy minority 1% and the majority 99%. This allows the 99% to accept the 1%'s ideology. To prevent rebellion against capitalism, people must believe that the ruling class ideology is beneficial to themselves. This done by a number of ideological state apparatuses like the media, religion and education. These outlets of information can control masses because they have been ‘trusted' staples of society which are seen as beneficial.However, all of these outlets show the ruling class ideology and justify the capitalist system. The system can give several messages out to society such as behaviour, fashion, education standards, when to accept or submit to authority and to accept your place/position in society. Despite, these views Marxist's have been seen as too deterministic. As, the give education more credit for its influence on children. For example, the hidden curriculum may not exist and many children don't care for rules, authority and choose to rebel at these things.Whilst the hidden curriculum maybe exaggerated, the formal curriculum maybe under exaggerated as it is not entirely designed to benefit ruling class ideology as with subjects like philosophy, sociology and arts which are designed to encourage various views and opinions with critical thinking on how and why. Neo-marxists, like Willis, show that some students at school who are rebellious and prioritise â€Å"avin' a laff† are the ideal candidates for the ruling class ideology as they treat education as a barrier between â€Å"avin' a laff† and socialising.Because they prioritise their friends they lose the benefits of education and are forced, in order to survive, to accept work which maybe dull/repetitive (as taught by the hidden curriculum). Often, the type work these people undergo are manual labour jobs which enable the ‘lads' to be together and â€Å"av' a laff†. The end product is a capitalist society getting a proportion of the population doing dull work and the ‘lads' are able to stay together as they have created their own class position.Durkheim, also argues that education prepares young people for adult roles such as learning to cooperate with people who they might not like. Schools trains people to follow a set rules which accommodate tolerating people who they don't like. Functionalists, assume that stratification/some sort of social hierarchy is vital and inevitable. Because there are only limited places for top jobs. By a meritocracy which allows people to be test judged on ability those with the highest ability are about to be placed in jobs which match their talents/abilities.